A machine learning approach for predicting computational intensity and domain decomposition in parallel geoprocessing     

Peng Yue  Fan Gao  Boyi Shangguan  Zheren Yan 《International journal of geographical information science》2020,34(11):2243-2274

ABSTRACT

High performance computing is required for fast geoprocessing of geospatial big data. Using spatial domains to represent computational intensity (CIT) and domain decomposition for parallelism are prominent strategies when designing parallel geoprocessing applications. Traditional domain decomposition is limited in evaluating the computational intensity, which often results in load imbalance and poor parallel performance. From the data science perspective, machine learning from Artificial Intelligence (AI) shows promise for better CIT evaluation. This paper proposes a machine learning approach for predicting computational intensity, followed by an optimized domain decomposition, which divides the spatial domain into balanced subdivisions based on the predicted CIT to achieve better parallel performance. The approach provides a reference framework on how various machine learning methods including feature selection and model training can be used in predicting computational intensity and optimizing parallel geoprocessing against different cases. Some comparative experiments between the approach and traditional methods were performed using the two cases, DEM generation from point clouds and spatial intersection on vector data. The results not only demonstrate the advantage of the approach, but also provide hints on how traditional GIS computation can be improved by the AI machine learning.  相似文献   

Estimating fractional cover of crop,crop residue,and soil in cropland using broadband remote sensing data and machine learning     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

The fractional vegetation cover (FVC), crop residue cover (CRC), and bare soil (BS) are three important parameters in vegetation–soil ecosystems, and their correct and timely estimation can improve crop monitoring and environmental monitoring. The triangular space method uses one CRC index and one vegetation index to create a triangular space in which the three vertices represent pure vegetation, crop residue, and bare soil. Subsequently, the CRC, FVC, and BS of mixed remote sensing pixels can be distinguished by their spatial locations in the triangular space. However, soil moisture and crop-residue moisture (SM-CRM) significantly reduce the performance of broadband remote sensing CRC indices and can thus decrease the accuracy of the remote estimation and mapping of CRC, FVC, and BS. This study evaluated the use of broadband remote sensing, the triangular space method, and the random forest (RF) technique to estimate and map the FVC, CRC, and BS of cropland in which SM-CRM changes dramatically. A spectral dataset was obtained using: (1) from a field-based experiment with a field spectrometer; and (2) from a laboratory-based simulation that included four distinct soil types, three types of crop residue (winter-wheat, maize, and rice), one crop (winter wheat), and varying SM-CRM. We trained an RF model [designated the broadband crop-residue index from random forest (CRRF)] that can magnify spectral features of crop residue and soil by using the broadband remote sensing angle indices as input, and uses a moisture-resistant hyperspectral index as the target. The effects of moisture on crop residue and soil were minimized by using the broadband CRRF. Then, the CRRF-NDVI triangular space method was used to estimate and map CRC, FVC, and BS. Our method was validated by using both laboratory- and field-based experiments and Sentinel-2 broadband remote-sensing images. Our results indicate that the CRRF-NDVI triangular space method can reduce the effect of moisture on the broadband remote-sensing of CRC, and may also help to obtain laboratory and field CRC, FVC, and BS. Thus, the proposed method has great potential for application to croplands in which the SM-CRM content changes dramatically.  相似文献   

利用InSAR和GPS数据分析台湾西南两次Mw＞6地震的触发关系及应力影响     

王乐洋  高华  冯光财 《测绘学报》2019,48(10):1244-1253

利用InSAR和GPS进行地震研究具有很大的优势，InSAR能够在较大范围内快速地获得连续的同震形变观测，而GPS测量精度高，可迅速获得稳定的测量结果。随着SAR卫星的增多、重返周期的缩短，利用InSAR和GPS联合进行地震触发关系及应力影响研究也变得更为有力。2010年3月4日和2016年2月6日台湾西南部接连发生两次M_w 6.0以上地震，分别被称为甲仙地震和美浓地震。本文利用GPS和InSAR同震形变场联合反演了甲仙地震的滑动分布模型；结合之前的研究成果，基于静态库伦应力改变对甲仙地震与美浓地震的关系进行了分析；还为台湾西南部7个主要断层构建了断层格网并获取了它们的应力改变模型。结果表明，甲仙地震的发震断层表现为逆冲倾滑兼一定走滑分量的断层。甲仙地震的主要滑动区域处于12~16 km深度之间；最大滑动量为0.61 m位于约14 km深处。本文线性反演得到的甲仙地震地震矩为2.27×10¹⁸ Nm，相当于M_w 6.20。甲仙地震后美浓地震的发震断层上应力增值达4.0 MPa，应力增加的面积约占推断断层总面积的74%，表明甲仙地震对美浓地震的发生具有十分明显地加速作用。甲仙和美浓地震共同作用下，西侧的左镇断层和新化断层产生了较明显地应力积累。根据应力改变结果，本文认为甲仙地震和美浓地震后，台湾西南部的左镇断层和新化断层都具有较高的危险性，值得持续关注和进一步研究。  相似文献   

Spatiotemporal analysis of COVID-19 risk in Guangdong Province based on population migration     

Ye  Yuyao  Wang  Changjian  Zhang  Hong’ou  Yang  Ji  Liu  Zhengqian  Wu  Kangmin  Deng  Yingbin 《地理学报(英文版)》2020,30(12):1985-2001

Journal of Geographical Sciences - Population migration, especially population inflow from epidemic areas, is a key source of the risk related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic....  相似文献   

Volunteered geographic information research in the first decade: a narrative review of selected journal articles in GIScience     

Yingwei Yan  Chen-Chieh Feng  Wei Huang  Hongchao Fan  Yi-Chen Wang  Alexander Zipf 《International journal of geographical information science》2020,34(9):1765-1791

ABSTRACT

More than 10 years have passed since the coining of the term volunteered geographic information (VGI) in 2007. This article presents the results of a review of the literature concerning VGI. A total of 346 articles published in 24 international refereed journals in GIScience between 2007 and 2017 have been reviewed. The review has uncovered varying levels of popularity of VGI research over space and time, and varying interests in various sources of VGI (e.g. OpenStreetMap) and VGI-related terms (e.g. user-generated content) that point to the multi-perspective nature of VGI. Content-wise, using latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA), this study has extracted 50 specific research topics pertinent to VGI. The 50 topics have been subsequently clustered into 13 intermediate topics and three overarching themes to allow a hierarchical topic review. The overarching VGI research themes include (1) VGI contributions and contributors, (2) main fields applying VGI, and (3) conceptions and envisions. The review of the articles under the three themes has revealed the progress and the points that demand attention regarding the individual topics. This article also discusses the areas that the existing research has not yet adequately explored and proposes an agenda for potential future research endeavors.  相似文献   

城市场景结构感知的网格模型简化算法     

张春森  张会  郭丙轩  彭哲 《测绘学报》2020,49(3):334-342

针对二次误差测度(QEM)网格简化算法全局几何特征信息损失严重的缺点,提出一种具有结构感知功能面向城市三维模型重建的网格简化算法。该算法顾及城市影像中平面结构特征,以代理平面为全局特征约束条件,使模型在简化过程中全局结构特征更多地被保持,以利于多层次细节模型(LOD技术)、网格优化提速等模型后续操作。以倾斜摄影获取影像生成的初始三角网格模型为试验数据,采用所给算法对其进行网格简化并与QEM算法进行对比。结果表明:所给算法简化精度及简化效率均优于QEM算法。  相似文献   

高分二号异轨立体数据的森林高度提取     

倪文俭  张大凤  汪垚  庞勇  张志玉  刘见礼  何亚婷  郭伟 《遥感学报》2018,22(3):392-399

森林植被碳储量的空间分布格局及其动态变化是陆地生态系统碳收支核算的基础。作为森林地上生物量的重要指示因子,森林高度的精确估算是提高森林植被碳储量估算精度的关键。现有研究已证明,由专业星载摄影测量系统获取的立体观测数据可用于森林高度提取,但光学遥感数据最大的问题是受云雨等天气因素的影响严重。区域森林地上生物量产品的生产需要充分挖掘潜在数据源。国产高分二号卫星(GF-2)虽然不是为获取立体观测数据而设计的专业星载摄影测量系统,但其获取的图像空间分辨率可达0.8 m,且具备±35°的的侧摆能力,在重复观测区域可构成异轨立体观测。本文以分别获取于2015年6月20日和2016年7月19的GF-2数据作为立体像对,其标称轨道侧摆角分别为0.00118°和20.4984°,以激光雷达数据获取的林下地形(DEM)和森林高度(CHM)为参考,对利用GF-2立体观测数据进行森林高度提取进行了研究。通过对立体处理得到的摄影测量点云的栅格化得到DSM,以激光雷达数据提供的DEM作为林下地形,得到了GF-2的CHM。结果表明GF-2提取的CHM与激光雷达CHM空间分布格局较为一致,两者之间存在明显的相关性,像素对像素的线性相关性(R2)达到0.51,均方根误差(RMSE)为3.6 m。研究结果表明,在林下地形已知的情况下,GF-2立体观测数据可用于森林高度估算。  相似文献   

A virtual globe-based time-critical adaptive visualization method for 3D city models     

Wumeng Huang 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2018,11(9):939-955

3D city models, which are important items of content on the virtual globe, are characterized by complicated structures and large amounts of data. These factors make the visualization of 3D city models highly dependent upon the performance of computer hardware. Thus, achieving the efficient rendering of 3D city models using different hardware performance levels represents one of the key problems currently facing researchers. This paper proposes a time-critical adaptive visualization method that first estimates the possible rendering time for each model according to the data structure of the model in addition to the CPU/GPU performance of the computer. It then dynamically adjusts the rendering level for each model based on the results of an estimation of the rendering time to ensure that the final scene can be completed within a given time. To verify the effectiveness and flexibility of this method, it is applied using different computers. The results show that the adaptive visualization method presented in this paper not only can adapt to computers with different levels of performances but also demonstrates an obvious improvement in the time estimation precision, visual effects, and optimization speed relative to existing adaptive visualization methods.  相似文献   

Qualitative spatial reasoning on topological relations by combining the semantic web and constraint satisfaction     

Yandong Wang  Mengling Qiao  Hui Liu  Xinyue Ye 《地球空间信息科学学报》2018,21(2):80-92

  相似文献   

利用零相位Kaiser窗滤波器改善MEX多普勒数据定轨精度          下载免费PDF全文

曲春凯  李斐  杨轩  鄢建国  郝卫峰  叶茂  金炜桐  王宏 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2018,43(7):1071-1077

精密轨道确定在深空探测中至关重要,而定轨数据中的白噪声会影响定轨性能。基于零相位分析,比较了FRR（forward-filter reverse-filter reverse-output）、RRF（reverse-filter reverse-filter forward-output）和Matlab中的filtfilt这3种滤波器的优劣,设计了一种零相位Kaiser窗低通滤波器。利用火星快车号（Mars Express,MEX）的仿真数据和实测数据验证了零相位Kaiser窗低通滤波器的性能,结果发现滤除白噪声后MEX数据的定轨精度有了显著改善。双程测速数据残差均方根（root mean square,RMS）减小为原来的1/3左右,达到了0.031 mm/s;轨道位置和速度与欧空局（European Space Agency,ESA）精密轨道的差异明显变小。该滤波算法作为定轨前的数据预处理可以提高定轨精度,从而为中国火星探测器的轨道数据处理提供一定的参考。  相似文献